PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Parkinson's disease occurs when certain nerve cells, or neurons, die or become impaired. Normally, these neurons produce dopamine. Loss of dopamine causes the nerve cells to fire out of control, leaving patients unable to direct or control their movement in a normal manner.

What is Parkinson's Disease?

Parkinson's disease belongs to a group of conditions called motor system disorders. Parkinson's and related disorders are the result of the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. Dopamine is a chemical messenger responsible for transmitting signals within the brain.

The four primary symptoms of Parkinson's are:
  • tremor or trembling in hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face
  • rigidity or stiffness of the limbs and trunk
  • bradykinesia, or slowness of movement
  • postural instability or impaired balance and coordination

Patients may also have difficulty walking, talking, or completing other simple tasks. The disease is both chronic and progressive. Parkinson's is not usually inherited. Early symptoms are subtle and occur gradually.

How is Parkinson's Disease Treated?

A variety of medications provide dramatic relief from the symptoms, but no drug can stop the progression of the disease. In some cases, surgery is an appropriate treatment. Some doctors recommend physical therapy or muscle-strengthening exercises.

What is the Prognosis?

At present, there is no way to predict or prevent Parkinson's disease.