HERPES SIMPLEX
What is Herpes Simplex?
There are two different strains of herpes simplex viruses. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is usually associated with infections of the lips, mouth, and face. It is the most common herpes simplex virus among the general population and is usually acquired in childhood. It often causes lesions inside the mouth such as cold sores or fever blisters and is transmitted by contact with infected saliva. By adulthood, up to 90% of individuals will have antibodies to HSV-1.
Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is sexually transmitted and is usually associated with genital ulcers or sores -- however individuals may harbor HSV-2 and not have developed any symptoms. Up to 20-30% of U.S. adults have antibodies against HSV-2.
What are the Symptoms of Herpes Simplex?
- mouth sores
- blisters and/or ulcers -- most frequent on the mouth, lips, and gums
- fever blisters
- fever -- may be present especially during the first episode
- enlargement of lymph nodes
What are the Symptoms of Herpes Simplex?
In many instances, the physical appearance of the lesions is
highly suggestive of the diagnosis of herpes-simplex infections.
However, to establish a definitive diagnosis -- certain tests
may be used including a blood test, a viral culture of lesion,
or a Tzanck test.
What is the Treatment for Herpes Simplex?
Some cases are relatively mild and may not require treatment. In severe or prolonged cases, as well as in individuals who are immunosuppressed or who have frequent recurrences, antiviral medications such as acyclovir or its derivatives may be used.
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